The science behind LCD TVs

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Have you given a thought on the good ole’ LCD TV on the wall? It’s capable of a lot of magic, that one. This sleek appliance is composed of a high-tech concoction that only keeps getting better and better as years go by. LCD TVs have come a long way since 1988 when Sharp introduced the world’s first 14” model. Electronic biggies such as Sony, Samsung, LG and Sharp have churned out some of the best of the breed LCD TVs over the past couple of decades. People went gaga over them, the technology has seen a worldwide acceptance like never before. What makes them so special?

To begin with, LCD TVs are capable of rendering drop-dead gorgeous pictures. Pictures that are clear as crystal, that seem more natural than the vista from your window – that’s LCD TV for you. The build of these tellies could make CRTs take to the woods – they are that thin. They also consume much less power when compared to their CRT counterparts. Behind all that glass and sheen, past the sturdy metallic edges, an LCD TV has a heart that’s composed of millions of coloured liquid crystal cells.

The backbone of an LCD TV is composed of three essential factors namely:
• Liquid crystals,
• Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamps (CCFLs) and
• A shutter arrangement made of two thin glass sheets.

An LCD TV produces images by filtering white light. The source of this white light is cold cathode fluorescent lamps (usually a single lamp will do in case of small screen LCD TVs, but for large ones a series of lamps is required) all of which are placed behind the screen facing the viewer. It is this light that undergoes a lot of changes to form the picture for us to see. In front of this source is a sandwich of liquid crystals that are placed between two glass plates, both of which are polarized.

By varying the intensity of current that reaches the crystals, the intensity of light passing through the crystalline sandwich to the other end can be controlled. Thus only certain wavelengths of light is allowed to pass through, creating the picture for the viewer. Various colour shades can be obtained by altering the intensity of light that passes through the crystals.

The LED difference:
LED TVs are in actuality, advanced forms of LCD TVs. Replace the cold cathode fluorescent lamps of LCD televisions with LEDs and you get LED TVs. Yes, these TVs consist of LCD screens with LEDs for the purpose of backlighting. LED TVs are capable of being much slimmer than LCD TVs, since there’s no necessity for a conventional light source. We also get a truck load of other advantages, such as low power consumption, deep black levels and high contrast ratios.

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